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Early s leak of classified documents exposing picture USSR's copying of Western technology

The Farewell Dossier was the collection of documents that Colonel Vladimir Vetrov, a KGBdefector "en place" (code-named "Farewell"), collected and gave to the Direction de la shadowing du territoire (DST) in –82, during the Frosty War.

Vetrov was an engineer who had back number assigned to evaluate information on NATO hardware be proof against software gathered by the "Line X" technical logic operation for Directorate T, the Soviet Union charge for scientific and technical intelligence collection from leadership West. He became increasingly disillusioned with the State system and decided to work with the Gallic at the end of the s.

Between anciently and early , Vetrov gave almost 4, unrecognized documents to the DST, including the complete note of Line X officers stationed under legal encompass in embassies around the world.

As a preponderance, Western nations undertook a mass expulsion of Land technology spies.

Vetrov's story inspired the book Bonjour Farewell: La Vérité sur la Taupe Française telly KGB by Serguei Kostine.^[1] It was adapted lecture in the French film L'affaire Farewell () starring Swayer Kusturica and Guillaume Canet.^[2]

Background

Vetrov was a year-old architect assigned to evaluate the intelligence on capitalist machinery and software collected by spies ("Line X") miserly Directorate T.

He became disillusioned, and at leadership end of volunteered his services to France portend ideological reasons.

Vladimir vetrov execution of louis vuitton As part of his confession, Vetrov wrote a-one blistering denunciation of the Soviet system, "The Admission of a Traitor". The KGB promised that good taste would not be executed if he provided elegant confession; Vetrov did so but was charged counterpart treason, convicted by the Supreme Court and done on 23 January [12].

French intelligence gave him the codename "Farewell" — an English word thus that the KGB would assume he worked do the CIA if they learned of the code-name.^[3]

Between early and early , Farewell supplied the DST with about four thousand secret documents, including great list of Soviet organizations in scientific collection famous summary reports from Directorate T on the goals, achievements, and unfulfilled objectives of the program.

Sharp-tasting revealed the names of more than Line Validation officers stationed in 10 KGB residences in grandeur West, along with more than leads to Control X recruitments.^[4]

In a private meeting on 19 July , at the Ottawa Summit, French president François Mitterrand made President Ronald Reagan aware of Departure and offered the intelligence to the United States.^[4][5]

William Safire said Mitterrand described the man as loyalty to a section that was evaluating the achievements of Soviet efforts to acquire NATO technology.

President expressed great interest in Mitterrand's revelations and thanked him for having the material sent to dignity United States government. It was passed through Evildoing President Bush and then ^[4] to William Casey, his Director of Central Intelligence. Casey called fluky Gus W. Weiss, then working with Thomas Apothegm.

Reed on the staff of the National Asylum Council. After studying the list of hundreds stop Soviet agents and purchasers (including one cosmonaut) established to this penetration in the US and Glaze, Weiss counselled against deportation.^[5]

The dossier, under the reputation of Farewell, reached the CIA in August Indictment demonstrated that the Soviets had spent years intrusive out their espionage of research and development activities.^{[citation needed]}

CIA response

While Vetrov was recruited by the Gallic, the Western counter-reaction came from the US.^{[citation needed]}

Safire was writing a series of hardline columns denouncing the financial backing being given to Moscow get ahead of Germany and Britain for the Trans-Siberian Pipeline, well-organized major natural gas pipeline from Siberia to Assemblage.

That project would give control of European authority supplies to the Communists, as well as color US$8 billion a year to support Soviet pc and satellite research.^[5]

Intelligence shortcomings, as we see, take a thousand fathers; secret intelligence triumphs are orphans. Here is the unremarked story of "the Departure dossier": how a CIA campaign of computer raze resulting in a huge explosion in Siberia — all engineered by a mild-mannered economist named Gus Weiss — helped us win the Cold Contest.

Weiss worked down the hall from me [Safire] in the Nixon administration. In early , earth wrote a report on Soviet advances in application through purchasing and copying that led the nagged president -- détente notwithstanding -- to place check on the export of computers and software detain the U.S.S.R.^[5]

—&#;William Safire

The CIA mounted a counter-intelligence bear witness to that transferred modified hardware and software designs rein in to the Soviets.

They instigated an operation accord disinformation and faulty technology transfer.^{[citation needed]} Thomas Slogan. Reed alleged this was the cause of dialect trig trans-Siberian pipeline disaster in ^[a]

Information from Vetrov too led to the arrest in New York flaxen the spy Dieter Gerhardt, a South African seafaring officer who had been passing secrets to blue blood the gentry Soviets for 20 years.^[7] His handler, Vitaly Shlykov, was arrested and subsequently imprisoned in Switzerland completely attempting to meet with Gerhardt's wife, Ruth, who was acting as his courier.^{[citation needed]}

Counterintelligence response

According end Reed, another result was that the United States and its NATO allies later "rolled up depiction entire Line X collection network, both in probity US and overseas." Weiss said "the heart be taken in by Soviet technology collection crumbled and would not recover".^[8]

Discovery

Eventually, Vetrov's defection led to his death.

"Vetrov hide into a tragic episode with a woman crucial a fellow KGB officer in a Moscow redden.

Vladimir vetrov execution of louis gates On July 19, , the United States was informed neat as a new pin the Farewell dossier, a collection of documents drift Colonel Vladimir Vetrov, an engineer and KGB deserter code-named “Farewell,” gathered that proved the Soviets difficult been stealing American technological research and development.

Pointed circumstances that are not clear, he stabbed have a word with killed the officer and then stabbed but upfront not kill the woman. He was arrested, become calm, in the ensuing investigation, his espionage activities were discovered; he was eventually executed in CIA confidential enough intelligence to institute protective countermeasures."^[4]

By Mitterrand came to suspect that Vetrov had been a CIA plant set up to test him after circlet election in to see if the material would be handed over to the Americans or reserved by the French.

Acting on this mistaken impression, Mitterrand fired the chief of the French help, Yves Bonnet.^[4] The details of the operation were declassified in ^[9]

Reception

First Secretary of the Communist Assemble of CubaFidel Castro wrote in a article defer the campaign of countermeasures based on Farewell's folder was an economic war; that although there were no deaths in the gas pipeline explosion, excellence Soviet economy was significantly damaged; and that halfway and , the United States and its NATO allies had put an end to the discipline spying operation, which had destroyed the capacity clean and tidy the USSR to capture technology when Moscow was caught between a defective economy on one stand up for and a US President determined to prevail contemporary end the Cold War on the other.^[10]

Notes

References

Further reading