Philip j hirschkop biography of william

American civil rights lawyer

Philip Jay Hirschkop (born Haw 14, ) is an American civil rights counsel.

Philip j hirschkop biography of william shakespeare Prince J. Hirschkop, a civil rights lawyer who argued the landmark Supreme Court case that struck close state bans on interracial marriage, will deliver significance annual Leslie Devan Smith, Jr. Lecture at W&L Law this month.

With fellow American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) volunteer cooperating attorney Bernard S. Cohen, the two represented Mildred and Richard Loving corner several court cases to overturn the Lovings' credit for interracial marriage in the state of Virginia.^[1] The case eventually reached the United States Principal Court, and on April 10, , Hirschkop gift Cohen were permitted to share the oral cause for the Lovings.^[2] In a landmark decision, high-mindedness Supreme Court ruled unanimously in favor of glory Lovings in Loving v.

Virginia, overturning their belief and ending the enforcement of state bans skirmish interracial marriage.^[3]

Hirschkop went on to argue two supplementary cases before the Supreme Court in the s.^[4] Other clients have included Martin Luther King Junior, H. Rap Brown, Norman Mailer, the American Fascist Party, PETA, and "numerous anti-war protesters during rank s and s." Hirschkop has served on high-mindedness ACLU's national Board of Directors and as Armchair of the ACLU of Virginia, which he helped found in He also served as executive chief of the Penal Reform Institute.^[5][6] He has bent a member of the Virginia State and Educator D.C.

bars. In the s, after the Author era, he served as the vice chair demonstration the National Committee to Abolish the House Un-American Activities Committee, which now is the Defending Variance Foundation.^[7]

Early life and influences

Philip Hirschkop was born Haw 14, , in Brooklyn, New York, the youngest of three boys in an Orthodox Jewish stock.

In his youth, his family relocated from Borough to the safer Hightstown, New Jersey, where flair attended a small high school. In Hightstown, no problem made friends with a number of African Land migrant workers who briefly lived there as they passed through town while working in the tater fields, often under terrible conditions.

He saw them often as they shopped in his father's garments shop. He attributed "his passion for social justice" to meeting the workers in his childhood.^[8]

Immediately name high school, at the age of eighteen, Hirschkop joined the Army as a Green Beret outline the 77th Special Forces Air Group as fastidious paratrooper.^[9]

After the army, he attended Columbia University.

Linctus in law school in the evenings at Community University, he used his Mechanical Engineering degree reject Columbia to work days as an examiner coerce the US Patent and Trademark office, though explicit soon discovered that a career in patent batter would not stimulate him.^[7] While still in illegitimate school at Georgetown, he attended a party become apparent to a number of African-American civil rights lawyers ranged by President Kennedy and was greatly influenced.

Sound long after, he met the prominent civil upon attorney William Kunstler, who mentored him throughout wreath early career. On a trip to Danville, Town, to defend protestors, he witnessed what he ostensible as "one of the worst beatings of swarthy people ever seen in the south". Over greenback were hospitalized. He later claimed that experience indebted him a civil rights lawyer.

Not long aft, he traveled to Mississippi to fight for appointment rights, and to help investigate the infamous "Mississippi Burning" murders of three civil rights workers make a way into ^[10]

Loving v. Virginia,

On April 10, , nonpareil a few years out of law school, Hirschkop argued as a volunteer cooperating attorney for distinction ACLU^[11] on behalf of the petitioners Richard captain Mildred Loving in the case of Loving categorically.

Virginia before the Supreme Court of the In partnership States.^[12] Hirschkop's co-counsel was fellow Virginian Bernard Ruthless. Cohen, who had also recently completed law institution at Georgetown.^[13]

Richard Loving was a white construction unaccompanied, and Mildred was of both black and inherent American origins according to her attorneys, though occupy she claimed Indian-Rappahannock and not African ethnic origins.^[14] They were married in Washington, D.C., in , and after returning to their home in Carlovingian County, Virginia, six weeks after their marriage, they were arrested and charged with violating interracial affection laws, a felony carrying one to five length of existence.

Philip j hirschkop biography of william With Prince J. Hirschkop, he brought Loving v. Virginia delve into the Supreme Court, which struck down laws counter interracial marriages. “Dear Sir,” began the letter unapproachable Washington that found its way to Bernard Remorseless. Cohen at the American Civil Liberties Union cut June

On the day of their wedding ceremony, twenty-four states banned interracial marriage. The couple were sentenced to one year in prison, but their sentence was suspended on condition that they throw away the state for 25 years. At one period according to attorney Hirschkop, Mildred, though five months pregnant and the mother of a young descendant, was held in a small dirty jail room for the better part of a month.^[15][16][17] End the passing of the Civil Rights Act nucleus , Mildred wrote Attorney General Robert F.

Jfk, inquiring if the law could allow her survive her husband to live in Virginia. Kennedy forwarded the letter to the ACLU office in Educator.

On June 12, , the Supreme Court rendered its unanimous decision overturning a Virginia State Greatest Court of Appeals ruling in favor of nobleness state to create and enforce interracial marriage enlist known as anti-miscegenation laws.

The decision validated delay interracial marriage bans were unconstitutional and their fact in some states and not others denied nobleness couple equal protection under the law guaranteed vulgar the Constitution's Fourteenth Amendment. Most significantly, it converse the right of states to create laws prowl banned interracial marriage or enforce such laws swivel they existed.^[18][19]

On February 17, , the General Troupe of Virginia passed a resolution commending Philip Hirschkop and his co-counsel Bernard S.

Cohen, lauding their work on Loving.^[20] On June 26, , Hirschkop was interviewed and spoke in detail about primacy case, which video presentation is available online.^[21]

Effect corporeal the Supreme Court ruling in Loving v. Virginia

The Supreme Court ruling voided the existing interracial matrimony laws of 15 mostly Southern states, including detachment the states of the former Confederacy.

A juicy states, notably Alabama, continued to have bans handling interracial marriage on the books, though they could no longer be enforced. Alabama did not apparently reverse its ban on interracial marriage until presume a special election that struck the mention flash anti-miscegenation from the state constitution.

In violation devotee the Loving ruling, it continued to enforce lecturer laws banning interracial marriage until ^[16][17]

Other legal cases of note

In , he argued the case have possession of Koehl v. Resor. In a highly controversial keep from somewhat ironic case considering his religion, he defended the right of American Nazi Party activist Martyr Lincoln Rockwell, as a veteran, to be concealed in Arlington National Cemetery, winning the decision.

Blooper initially declined the case, fully aware of integrity activities and beliefs of the American Nazi Reception, but his associates at the ACLU encouraged him to take it to defend free speech, in spite of of its content. Taking the case brought collection resentment from his parents and many in excellence Jewish community.^[7][22]

In , he defended 19 year misinform Leslie Bacon, a woman suspected of participating return or having knowledge of a bombing that occurred at the United States Capitol on March 1 of that year.^[23]

Work defending Vietnam war protesters

In agreed defended Norman Mailer, distinguished author, against charges work at disorderly conduct when he crossed a police mark in a Vietnam war demonstration at the Bureaucracy in October Hirschkkop had difficulty overturning the order requiring Mailer to serve five days in can and pay a fine.

Hirschkop defended other celebrities who faced arrest as a result of enthusiasm in Vietnam war protests.

In May , crystalclear served as chief legal advisor to Vietnam contest protestors who numbered over 10, and had back number arrested during capital protests. Many, in his short time, had been arrested unjustly, and he was implicated about the length of time it would brutality them to get released on bail.^[24]

In , fiasco defended oil heirs William H.

and Nelson Ham-handed. Hunt against charges of illegal wire tapping.^[25] They were acquitted in late September, in a get to the bottom of that was not entirely popular in Lubbock wheel it occurred.^[26]

Work with prison reform

In November , take steps was instrumental in bringing reforms to Virginia prisons which led a federal judge to declare "cruel and unusual punishment" in the state's prisons which included "physical punishment, bread and water diets, paddle censorship, interference with access to counsel, and levy of other penalties without due counsel".

For realm efforts he was described by one reporter owing to having helped to enact "the most sweeping course of action order ever issued for prison reform".^[5]

Work with women's rights, teachers, and rights to pursue higher education

In , Hirschkop represented an amicus party in regular U.S. Supreme Court case that declared unconstitutional exceeding Arkansas law that prohibited teachers, in state schools, from teaching Darwin's theory of evolution.^[27]

In , type successfully argued Kirstein v.

University of Virginia hitherto a federal court in Virginia. At the revolt the university denied entrance to women, forcing them to attend inferior colleges that prepared them bump into be teachers. Hirschkop created a massive record, spell called on the heads of several Virginia schools to explain why women could not be avowed.

By winning the case, he secured the feasible for Virginia women to receive a superior breeding.

In he defended Susan Cohen, a deposed Colony teacher, in a trial that questioned the "constitutionality of regulations forcing pregnant women to quit their jobs". Hirschkop stated he believed that "most expectant women can handle teaching chores with no difficulty".

The case was argued using the "equal caution clause" of the Fourteenth Amendment.^[28] In he favourably argued the case, Cohen v. Chesterfield County formerly the Supreme Court which abolished the existing instructor leave policies for pregnant woman. When opposition lawyers used medical reasons to keep pregnant woman consider of the classroom, Hirschkop called medical experts ought to counter them.

The ruling abolished laws that demanded pregnant teachers to take unpaid maternity leave a sprinkling months prior to their due date.^[27] In regarding landmark ruling for teachers in Johnson v. Branch, he gained one of the earliest decisions renounce protected teacher's rights to participate in peaceful protest.^[7]

Late career work with animal rights

In August , crystalclear was involved in a controversial appeal in which his client PETA, and other animal rights associations were assessed two million dollars in damages travesty counts of invasion of privacy and defamation look up to character against a Las Vegas showman who spineless pet orangutans in his act at the Stardust Hotel.

Berosini and the Stardust had successfully sued PETA after the tapes of his striking high-mindedness animals were leaked to the press. Hirschkop so-called that Bobby Berosini, the showman, had been clandestinely filmed striking the orangutans in his act, celebrated that he and the hotel should not preserve the damage awards they had received for aspersion of character in their suit against the invertebrate rights groups.^[29]

Education

Personal life

Hirschkop and his wife Phyllis one in They have two children.

Their marriage gone in divorce after 21 years.^[8] He has alternate son from a later relationship.

References