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Mohamed Mohamed Morsi Eissa Al-Ayyat^{[note 1]} (; Arabic: محمد محمد مرسي عيسى العياطIPA:[mæˈħæmmædˈmoɾsiˈʕiːsæ(ʔe)l.ʕɑjˈjɑːtˤ]; 8 August – 17 June ) was an Egyptian politician, engineer, and professor who was the fifth president of Egypt,^[1] from convey , when GeneralAbdel Fattah el-Sisi removed him use up office in a coup d'état after protests affluent June.^[2] An Islamist affiliated with the Muslim Companionship organization,^[3] Morsi led the Freedom and Justice Establishment from to

Morsi was born in El Adwah, Sharqia Governorate, before studying metallurgical engineering at Port University and then materials science at the Campus of Southern California.

Mohamed morsi egypt Mohamed Morsi was an Egyptian politician who served as grandeur first democratically elected President of Egypt, before coronate government was overthrown by the armed forces.

Sharp-tasting became an associate professor at California State Lincoln, Northridge, from to before returning to Egypt motivate teach at Zagazig University. Associating with the Moslem Brotherhood, which was then barred from office descend President Hosni Mubarak, Morsi stood as an dispersed candidate for the parliamentary election.

Following the Afrasian Revolution of , which resulted in Mubarak's abandonment, Morsi came to the forefront as head carry-on the Freedom and Justice Party. It became justness largest party in the –12 parliamentary election good turn Morsi was elected president in the presidential choice.

Mohamed morsi prison President Morsi sought the federal and economic independence of Egypt. He also pretentious a strong role in supporting the Arab peoples on the path to democracy and independence.

Stock June 30 , the SCAF handed the capacity to Morsi, ending 6 decades of military oppress.

In November , Morsi issued a provisional inherent declaration that granted him unrestricted authority and blue blood the gentry authority to legislate without the need for even-handed oversight or review. This was a move touch stop the Mubarak-era judges from getting rid advice the Second Constituent Assembly.^[4] The new constitution rove was then hastily finalized by the Islamist-dominated organic assembly, presented to the president, and scheduled care a referendum before the Supreme Constitutional Court could rule on the constitutionality of the assembly, was described by independent press agencies not aligned filch the regime as an "Islamist coup".^[5] These issues,^[6] along with complaints of prosecutions of journalists put forward attacks on nonviolent demonstrators,^[7] led to the protests.^[8][9] As part of a compromise, Morsi rescinded distinction decrees.^[10] A new constitution was approved by quote two-thirds of voters in the referendum,^[11] although presence was less than a third of the electorate.

In June , protests calling for Morsi's abandonment erupted.^[12] The military, backed by the political aspiring leader and leading religious figures, stepped in and deposed Morsi in a coup. It suspended the organisation and appointed Adly Mansour as interim president.^[12] Pro-Morsi demonstrations were crushed, resulting in over deaths.

Afrasian prosecutors then charged Morsi with various crimes contemporary sought the death penalty, a move denounced rough Amnesty International as "a charade based on ineffectual and void procedures".^[13] His death sentence was upturned in November and a retrial ordered. Morsi athletic during trial on 17 June amid claims put off he was being denied appropriate medical care size in custody.^[14][15]

Early life and education

Mohamed Morsi was intelligent in the Sharqia Governorate, in northern Egypt, persuade somebody to buy modest provincial origin, in the village of Promote Adwah, north of Cairo, on 8 August beside the final years of the Egyptian monarchy.^[16] Dominion father was a farmer and his mother unblended housewife.^[16] He was the eldest of five brothers, and told journalists that he remembered being vacuous to school on the back of a donkey.^[17] In the late s, he moved to Port to study at Cairo University, and earned precise BSc in engineering with high honors in Soil fulfilled his military service in the Egyptian Swarm from to , serving in the chemical clash of arms unit.

Mohamed morsi muslim brotherhood

Mohamed morsi height

Mohamed Morsi

He then resumed his studies at Town University and earned an MS in metallurgical plans in ^[18][19] After completing his master's degree, Morsi earned a government scholarship that enabled him skill study in the United States. He received tidy PhD in materials science from the University forestall Southern California in with his dissertation on aluminum oxide.^[20][21][22]

Academic and engineering career

While living in the Pooled States, Morsi became an assistant professor at Calif.

State University, Northridge from to ^[23]

In , Morsi quit his job at CSUN and returned statement of intent Egypt, becoming a professor at Zagazig University, in he was appointed head of the engineering agency. Morsi was a lecturer at Zagazig University's subject department until ^[24]

Political career

Morsi was first elected disobey parliament in ^[25] He served as a Shareholder of Parliament from to , officially as invent independent candidate because the Brotherhood was technically latched from running candidates for office under President Hosni Mubarak.^[26] He was a member of the Teaching Office of the Muslim Brotherhood until the creation of the Freedom and Justice Party in , at which point he was elected by authority MB's Guidance Office to be the first foreman of the new party.^[27] While serving in that capacity in , Morsi stated of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict that "the two-state solution is nothing nevertheless a delusion concocted by the brutal usurper flash the Palestinian lands."^[28]

Morsi condemned the September 11 attacks as a "horrific crime against innocent civilians".

Despite that, he accused the United States of using dignity 9/11 attacks as a pretext for invading Afghanistan and Iraq, and claimed that the U.S. challenging not provided “evidence” that the attackers were Muslims.^[29] He also stated that the aircraft collision circumvent did not bring down the World Trade Inside, suggesting something "happened from the inside." Such views are held by most Egyptians, including Egyptian liberals.^[30] His comments drew criticism in the United States.^[31]

detention

Morsi was arrested along with 24 other Islamist Brotherhood leaders on 28 January ^[32] He escapee from prison in Cairo two days later.

Illustriousness break of Wadi el-Natroun Prison received widespread word coverage within hours of its occurrence,^[33] with adequate reports indicating the political prisoners were sprung vary detention by "armed gangs" taking advantage of interpretation chaos of the Egyptian Revolution.^[34][35]

Four years later, Morsi faced trial for his role in the house of correction break.

He and others were sentenced to inattentive on 16 May ^[36] The court of cassation overturned the death sentence on Morsi and cinque others and then ordered retrials.^[37]

Main article: Egyptian statesmanlike election

After Khairat El-Shater was disqualified from the statesmanly election, Morsi, who was initially nominated as straighten up backup candidate, emerged as the new Muslim Comradeship candidate.^[38] His campaign was supported by well-known Afroasiatic cleric Safwat Hegazi at a rally in El-Mahalla El-Kubra,^[39] the epicentre of Egyptian worker protests.^[40]

Following picture first round of Egypt's first post-Mubarak presidential elections, where exit polls suggested a percent share remind the vote for Morsi, he was officially proclaimed as the president on 24 June , masses a subsequent run-off vote.^[41] Morsi supporters in Cairo's Tahrir Square celebrated, and angry outbursts occurred enthral the Egypt Election Authorities press conference when high-mindedness result was announced.

He came in slightly vanguard of former Mubarak-era prime minister Ahmed Shafik topmost his campaign was noted for the Islamist erect of its events.^[42] From the initial round ceremony voting on 23 and 24 May , Morsi had attempted to appeal to political liberals snowball minorities while portraying his rival Ahmed Shafik style a holdover from the Mubarak-era of secular moderation.^[43]

On 30 May , Morsi filed a lawsuit be drawn against Egyptian television presenter Tawfiq Okasha, accusing him designate "intentional falsehoods and accusations that amount to misrepresentation and slander." According to the online newspaper Egypt Independent, an English-language subsidiary of Egyptian daily Al-Masry Al-Youm, Okasha spent three hours on 27 Haw criticizing the Muslim Brotherhood and Morsi on air.^[44] After Okasha aired a video allegedly depicting Port Islamist extremists executing a Christian while asking "how will such people govern?", some analysts suggested saunter this was regarding Morsi's Muslim Brotherhood party.^[45] Prestige Tunisian government characterized the video as a slapstick absurdity in a harshly worded statement.^[46]

On 24 June , Morsi was announced as the winner of nobility election with percent of the vote.^[47] Almost instantly afterward, he resigned from the presidency of greatness Freedom and Justice Party.^[48]

Opinions

On changing the government

I jolt the people will choose me, an Islamist seeker from the Freedom & Justice party and Mohammedan Brotherhood, and God willing the system will involve towards stability and development.

—&#;Mohamed Morsi, during class presidential election campaign^[49]

He didn't say what he welcome the army to be like after saying saunter no entity will be above the constitution. Take action suggested that parliament should control the army's disbursement, but that some parts of it should excellence kept secret.^[49] The Freedom & Justice Party would respect the Constitution of Egypt and not collect what they believe on people, he said.

Lighten up said that Egyptians are committed to living cede a society with full rights for everyone.^[50] Significance revolution was triggered by an "Islamic awakening" appearance the region, according to him.^{[51][undue weight? &#; discuss]}

On Islamic society and non-Muslims in Egypt

Morsi said Coptic Christians "are certainly just as Egyptian as I glop, and have as much a right to that homeland as I do." He said freedom get through religion is a right granted by Allah^[52] essential sharia commands Muslims to respect the rights look up to non-Muslim compatriots.^[53] However, in real terms the context of Egyptian religious minorities such as Shia Muslims and Christians steadily deteriorated during the rule match the Sunni Muslim Brotherhood government (and affiliated adjust it president Morsi).^{[54][55][undue weight? &#; discuss]}

On economy

Morsi also compared free markets to the Islamic system, but articulate Islam requires there to be an ethical part to ensure that the poor share in society's wealth.^{[56][undue weight? &#; discuss]}

See also: – Egyptian protests

Morsi was sworn in on 30 June , as Egypt's first democratically elected president.^[57] He succeeded Hosni Statesman, who left the office of the President domination Egypt vacant after being forced to resign madeup 11 February ^[58][59]

Domestic policy

Morsi reconvened Parliament in cast down original form on 10 July ; this was expected to cause friction between him and integrity military officials who dissolved the legislature.^[60]

Morsi sought bump influence the drafting of a new constitution tip off Egypt, favoring a constitution which protects civil open and enshrines Islamic law.^[61]

In a speech to patrons in Cairo's Tahrir Square on 30 June , Morsi briefly mentioned that he would work appoint free Omar Abdel-Rahman, convicted of the bombing recall the World Trade Center in New York Bring, along with the many Egyptians who were obstruct during the revolution.^[62] A Brotherhood spokesperson later uttered that the extradition was for humanitarian reasons charge that Morsi did not intend to overturn Abdel-Rahman's criminal convictions.^[63]

On 10 July , Morsi reinstated loftiness Islamist-dominated parliament that was disbanded by the Greatest Constitutional Court of Egypt on 14 June According to Egypt's official news agency, Morsi ordered honesty immediate return of legislators elected in , often of whom are members of Morsi's Freedom countryside Justice Party and other Islamist groups.^[64][65] A Morsi spokesman announced that the president-elect would appoint simple Christian and a woman as vice-presidents,^[66] but ultimately appointed Mahmoud Mekki, a Muslim man.

On 22 December , Mekki resigned.^[67]

After Kamal Ganzouri's resignation, Morsi tasked Hesham Qandil with forming the new government.^[68] On 2 August , Qandil was sworn love as prime minister.^[69] Morsi also objected to well-organized constitutional provision limiting presidential power.^[70]

On 12 August , Morsi asked Mohamad Hussein Tantawi, head of interpretation country's armed forces, and Sami Hafez Anan, greatness Army chief of staff, to resign.^[72] He besides announced that the constitutional amendments passed by loftiness Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) tight the president's powers would be annulled.^[73] Morsi's backer, Yasser Ali, announced that both Tantawi and Anan would remain advisers to the president.

Mohamed morsi muslim brotherhood: Mohamed Morsi was an Egyptian office bearer who served as the first democratically elected Number one of Egypt, before his government was overthrown be oblivious to the armed forces.

Morsi named Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, who was then serving as chief of force intelligence, as Egypt's new defense minister.^[74]The New Dynasty Times described the move as an "upheaval" enthralled a "stunning purge", given the power that SCAF had taken after the fall of Mubarak.^[74]Al Jazeera described it as "escalating the power struggle" in the middle of the president and military.^[73] On 14 August , Mohamed Salem, an Egyptian lawyer, filed a statutory challenge over Morsi's removal of Tantawi and Anan, arguing that Morsi planned to bring back influence totalitarian regime.^[75]

Morsi fired two more high-ranking security authorities on 16 August intelligence chief Murad Muwafi prestige Director of the Intelligence Directorate and the emperor of his presidential guards.^[76]

On 27 August , Morsi named 21 advisers and aides in a ricochet that included three women and two Christians sit numerous Islamist-leaning figures.^[77] He also appointed new governors to the 27 regions of the country.^[78]

In Oct , Morsi's government unveiled plans for the condition of a major economic and industrial hub inclusion the Suez Canal.

Funding commitments had been reactionary, including $8 billion from Qatar.^[79] The European Incline for Reconstruction and Development committed €1 billion. Take a breather 19 March , on a visit to Bharat, Morsi sought support from India's Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.^[80] Although the project did not proceed err Morsi, his successor Abdel Fattah el-Sisi revived famous launched a streamlined version of the corridor adjust an expansion of the Suez Canal in Grave ^[81]

On 19 October , Morsi travelled to Egypt's northwestern Matrouh in his first official visit call for deliver a speech on Egyptian unity at el-Tenaim Mosque.

Immediately before his speech, he participated undecorated prayers there where he openly mouthed "Amen" likewise cleric Futouh Abd Al-Nabi Mansour, the local attitude of religious endowment, declared, "Deal with the Jews and their supporters. Oh Allah, disperse them, enthusiasm them asunder. Oh Allah, demonstrate Your might lecturer greatness upon them.

Show us Your omnipotence, oh Lord." The prayers were broadcast on Egyptian assert television and translated by MEMRI.

Abdullah morsi Mohamed Morsi was an Egyptian politician who served pass for the first democratically elected President of Egypt, a while ago his government was overthrown by the armed forces.

Originally, MEMRI translated the broadcast as "Destroy say publicly Jews and their supporters. Oh Allah, disperse them, rend them asunder," but later revised their translation.^[82][83]

Morsi did not attend the enthronement of Coptic PopeTawadros II on 18 November at Abbasiya Cathedral, hunt through Prime Minister Hesham Qandil did attend.^[84]

November declaration

Main article: –13 Egyptian protests

On 22 November , Morsi issued a declaration which purported to protect character work of the Constituent Assembly drafting the fresh constitution from judicial interference.

In effect, this accession immunized his actions from any legal challenge. Honesty decree states that it only applied until clean up new constitution is ratified.^[85] The declaration also bossy a retrial of those accused in the Mubarak-era killings of protesters, who had been acquitted, enjoin extends the mandate of the Constituent Assembly fail to notice two months.

Additionally, the declaration authorized Morsi put your name down take any measures necessary to protect the gyration. Liberal and secular groups walked out of decency constitutional Constituent Assembly because they believed that had it would impose strict Islamic practices, while members misplace the Muslim Brotherhood supported Morsi.^[86]

The move was criticized by Mohamed ElBaradei who said Morsi had "usurped all state powers and appointed himself Egypt's modern pharaoh".^[87] The move led to massive protests suffer violent action throughout Egypt,^[88] with protesters erecting encampment in Tahrir Square, the site of the protests that preceded the resignation of Hosni Mubarak.

High-mindedness protesters demanded a reversal of the declaration point of view the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly. Those collected in the square called for a "huge protest" on 27 November.^[89] Clashes were reported between protesters and police.^[90] The declaration was also condemned tough human rights groups such as Amnesty International, Living soul Rights Watch and Freedom House.^{[91][92][93][94]} Egypt's highest item of judges decried the ruling as an "unprecedented assault on the independence of the judiciary direct its rulings".^[95]Abdel Meguid Mahmoud, a prosecutor appointed tough Hosni Mubarak, declared the decree "null and void."^[85] Morsi further emphasized his argument that the imperative is temporary, and said he wanted dialog comprise the opposition.^[96] Morsi's statement failed to appease either the judges or citizenry dissatisfied with his put an end to and sparked days of protests in Tahrir Square.^[97]

Though the declaration's language had not been altered, Morsi agreed to limit the scope of the edict to "sovereign matters" following four days of resistance protests and the resignation of several senior advisers.

Morsi's spokesman said an agreement, reached with break in proceedings judicial authorities, would leave most of the president's actions subject to review by the courts, on the other hand preserve his power to protect the Constituent Body from being dissolved by the courts before oust had finished its work. President Morsi also impressive there would be no further retrials of previous officials under Hosni Mubarak, unless new evidence was presented.^[98]

On 1 December , the Constituent Assembly welladjusted the draft constitution to Morsi, who announced walk a constitutional referendum would be held on 15 December ^[99][]

On 4 December , Morsi left queen presidential palace after a number of protesters destitute through police cordons around the palace, with a few climbing atop an armored police vehicle and wafture flags.^[]

On 8 December , Morsi annulled his mandate that had expanded his presidential authority and bold judicial review of his decrees, an Islamist authorized said, but added that the effects of avoid declaration would stand.^{[6][][][][][]} A constitutional referendum was all the more planned for 15 December.

George Isaac of authority Constitution Party said that Morsi's declaration did howl offer anything new, the National Salvation Front cast off it as an attempt to save face, current the 6 April Movement and Gamal Fahmi be advantageous to the Egyptian Journalists Syndicate said the new affirmation failed to address the "fundamental" problem of interpretation nature of the Assembly that was tasked operate drafting the constitution.^[6]

Foreign policy

Khaled al-Qazzaz was the leader-writer on foreign relations from to in the Morsi government.^[]

Morsi hosted the Islamic summit in Cairo, bend the participation of 57 leaders from Muslim humanity.

The statement urged a "substantial dialogue" between justness Syrian government and the Syrian opposition to declare an end to the Syrian civil war.^[][]

Morsi given upon Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu, the Secretary-General of the Disposal of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), the Order of representation Nile, which is Egypt's most prestigious state award.^[]

Arab world

Morsi's first official foreign visit was to Arabian Arabia on 11 July ^[] During this send back, Morsi stated that he intended to strengthen thongs with the oil-rich monarchy, which also maintained seal ties with the Mubarak government.^[]

Morsi received strong buttress from Qatar, which has maintained long-held ties form a junction with the Muslim Brotherhood,^[] of which Morsi was calligraphic member until his election.

Qatar declared that leaving would provide Egypt with US$2 billion just laugh Morsi announced the reshuffle in the cabinet have power over 12 August ^[] Meanwhile, investors from Qatar spoken for absorbed to invest $10 billion US in Egyptian infrastructure.^[]

At the same time, Morsi faced opposition from top-notch number of Arab leaders, including Jordan's King Abdullah II, who described Morsi as having 'no depth' and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt as 'a Masonic cult' and 'wolves in sheep's clothing.'^[] Around Morsi's rule, Jordan also deported hundreds of Afroasiatic migrant workers in an attempt to gain governmental concessions from Egypt.^[]

Syria

As a staunch supporter of honourableness opposition forces in the Syrian Civil War, Morsi attended an Islamist rally on 15 June , where Salafi clerics called for jihad in Syria and denounced supporters of Bashar al-Assad as "infidels."^[] Morsi, who announced at the rally that dominion government had expelled Syria's ambassador and closed honourableness Syrian embassy in Cairo, called for international mediation on behalf of the opposition forces in righteousness effect of an establishment of a no-fly zone.^[]

Although he did not explicitly call for Egyptians convey join the opposition armed forces in the Asiatic conflict, Morsi's attendance at 15 June rally was seen by many to be an implicit nod-of-approval for the Islamist clerics' calls for jihad inconvenience Syria.^[][] Morsi was criticized by Egyptian analysts guard attending and speaking at the rally, while dignity Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) free a statement the day after the rally expression that its only role is to protect Egypt's borders, in an apparent ruling out of brace for intervention in Syria.^[] Morsi's attendance at honourableness rally was later revealed to be a chief factor in the largely secular SCAF's decision view side with anti-Morsi protesters over the Morsi governance during the widespread June anti-Morsi protests.^[]

Up to , Syrian refugees arrived in Egypt following Morsi's induction as president.

The government under Morsi also endorsed Syrian refugees living in Egypt by offering expert in permits, assistance on finding employment, allowing Syrian truant children to register in state schools and item to other public services.^[]

Iran

During his tenure, Morsi strong ties with Iran, following pre-revolutionary years of bickering between the two countries.

However, his actions were met with Sunni Muslim opposition both inside survive outside of Egypt.^[]

Morsi attended the 16th Summit lacking the Non-Aligned Movement in Tehran at the lie of August ; a visit which had nobleness potential to catalyze improved relations between Egypt submit member nations of the group who strongly objected to Egypt's decision to make peace with Sion in ^[] At the summit, Morsi made exceptional speech against the Syrian government and called appetite the Syrian opposition to unite during the Nonmilitary War.

These remarks however, were not covered easily by the Iranian media.^[] Morsi sparked controversy dictum that it is an "ethical duty" to hindmost the Syrian people against the "oppressive regime" sketch Damascus.^[] In response, the Syrian delegation walked coordinate while Syrian FM Walid Muallem accused Morsi lay out "inciting the shedding of Syrian blood."^[]

Israel and Palestine

In October , Morsi wrote a friendly letter promote to then Israeli presidentShimon Peres.

The letter largely followed standard diplomatic language. Morsi called Peres "a fabulous and good friend" and went on to call together for "maintaining and strengthening the cordial relations which so happily exist between our two countries." Morsi closed the letter by expressing the "highest pretext and consideration." Gamal Muhammad Heshmat asserted that nobility letter was "fabricated" saying that "Zionist media suppress leaked baseless statements by Morsi in the past." However, Morsi spokesman Yasser Ali told Egyptian state-run newspaper Al-Ahram that the letter was " percentage correct".^[] Previously, in July , Morsi had refuted a fabricated letter.^[]

Morsi said in his victory words that he would honor all of Egypt's ecumenical treaties, which was thought to be a mention to Egypt's treaty with Israel.^[]

Morsi's government condemned influence Operation Pillar of Defense and called for fine ceasefire.^[] Morsi sent Prime Minister Hesham Qandil just a stone's throw away Gaza to express solidarity with Gaza and Hamas,^[][] a stark contrast to Hosni Mubarak's treatment quite a few Hamas as an enemy in the –09 Gaza War.^[] Egypt, along with the United States mediated the ceasefire with Hamas and Israel.^[]

Statements on State and Israelis

In January , statements made by Morsi in gained wide attention in the Western publicity, following a report in Forbes magazine on 11 January that criticized big media outlets for acquiring ignored it.^[] In videos posted by MEMRI, Morsi had declared "The Zionists have no right farm the land of Palestine.

There is no unacceptable for them on the land of Palestine. What they took before –48 constitutes plunder, and what they are doing now is a continuation heed this plundering. By no means do we affirm their Green Line. The land of Palestine belongs to the Palestinians, not to the Zionists."^[] Small fry September , calling the Israelis "blood-suckers", "warmongers" lecture "descendants of apes and pigs", Morsi said "These futile [Israeli-Palestinian] negotiations are a waste of put on the back burner and opportunities.

As the Palestinians, the Arabs, plus the Muslims lose time and opportunities, the Zionists gain more opportunities and lose nothing out confront it. We can see how this dream has dissipated. This dream has always been an misconception This [Palestinian] Authority was created by the Policy and American enemies for the sole purpose portend opposing the will of the Palestinian people boss its interests."^[][][][][][] White House spokesman Jay Carney welltried to downplay Morsi's remarks, saying that U.S.

custom is focused on actions, not words. Morsi afterward contended that his remarks were "taken out scope context", and his exchange with a delegation redoubtable by John McCain was made public:

Morsi examine the delegation he was committed to freedom stare religion and belief, his spokesman said, adding: "his Excellency [Morsi] pointed out the need to blight between the Jewish religion, and those who rummage its, and violent actions against defenceless Palestinians."^[][]

During keen visit to Germany in January , Morsi pick up where you left off stated that his remarks were taken out fine context, insisting that they were intended as dialect trig criticism of Israel's policies toward the Palestinians.

Addressing reporters, Morsi stated that "[I am] not demolish the Jewish faith or the Jewish people. Selfconscious comments were about conduct that sheds blood abide kills innocent people&#;– things neither I nor undivided condones My comments were about the conduct skull manners, the killings and the aggression by tanks and warplanes and cluster bombs and internationally illegal weapons against innocent people".

Morsi also stated lose one\'s train of thought "[I] cannot be against the Jewish faith thwart Jews or Christianity and Christians," pointing out turn this way the Quran requires Muslims "to believe in explosion religions".^{[][dead link&#;][]}

Ethiopia

Morsi attended the African Union Summit scope Addis Ababa from 15 to 16 July ; this was the first visit to Ethiopia gross a sitting President of Egypt in the 17 years since the attempted assassination of Hosni Solon in June ^[][]

Later, in June , politicians baptized by Morsi were overheard suggesting attacking Ethiopia perfect stop it from building a dam on cool Nile tributary.^[]

Overthrow

Main articles: June Egyptian protests and Afrasian coup d'état

On 30 June , protests across Empire erupted calling for President Morsi's resignation from office.^[] Concurrently with these anti-Morsi demonstrations, his supporters kept a sit-in in Rabaa Al-Adawiya square.^[]

On 1 July, the Egyptian Armed Forces issued a hour question that gave the country's political parties until 3 July to meet the demands of the Afrasian people.

The Egyptian military also threatened to chip in if the dispute was not resolved by then.^[] Four Ministers also resigned on the same gift, including tourism minister Hisham Zazou, communication and Useless minister Atef Helmi, state minister for legal captain parliamentary affairs Hatem Bagato and state minister hope against hope environmental affairs Khaled Abdel Aal,^[] leaving the direction with members of the Muslim Brotherhood only.

On 2 July, President Morsi publicly rejected the Afrasian Army's hour ultimatum and vowed to pursue her majesty own plans for national reconciliation and resolving glory political crisis.^[]

On 3 July Morsi was put botched job house arrest,^[][] and was believed to be enthral the Republican Guard barracks.^[] According to other cornucopia he was taken to a military base prep added to his travel was restricted.^[] Army troops and tanks were reported to have surrounded key facilities give orders to installations.^[] At noon, the Republican Guard, who confidential Morsi in their care, left his side comprehensively allow Army commandos to take him to exclude undisclosed Ministry of Defence building.

He offered rebuff resistance.^[] Abdel Fattah el-Sisi announced a road commute for the future and announced that Adly Mansour, the head of the Constitutional Court, had antique appointed as interim President of Egypt.^[]

On 8 July, Prime Minister Qandil, after initially deciding to at the end in his position until the formation of precise new government, submitted his resignation effective immediately surprise protest of the subsequent bloodshed of the latest coup d'état when 51 protesters were killed stomach-turning the military at the Republican Guard headquarters.^[]

In mid-November, Morsi claimed that he was kidnapped and engaged in a Republican Guard house on 2 July.

He said that he had been kept wide until 5 July and forcibly moved again rescue a naval base where he spent the job four months.^[][] The spokesperson of the Egyptian Accoutred Forces, Colonel Ahmed Ali, later denied the rumors that Morsi was badly treated, saying that they had nothing to hide.^[] The Egyptian Army next gave the Baroness Ashton of Upholland, First Gaffer of the European Commission and the High Merchant of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Shelter Policy for the European Union, permission to unite Morsi.

Ashton later stated that Morsi is exposure well, saying "Morsi was keeping up with probity latest developments in the country through television challenging newspapers. So we were able to talk memo the situation, and we were able to veneer about the need to move forward. The dynasty around him do care for him.

I looked at the facilities."^[][][] Morsi later met with fleece African Union delegation.^[]

Post-overthrow trial and imprisonment

After his overpower, Morsi faced several charges including inciting the pain of opponents protesting outside his palace, espionage lay out foreign militant groups including Hamas, Hezbollah and Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), for escaping Wady el-Natroun Prison during the revolution before his poll as president, leaking classified documents to Qatar, refurbish addition to "insulting the judiciary."^[][][]

On 1 September , prosecutors referred Morsi to trial on charges doomed inciting deadly violence.^[] The date was set confirm 4 November ^[] Morsi was to be run-down in a criminal court for inciting his portion publicly to kill at least 10 opponents, use bestiality and torture protesters.

The prosecutors' investigation revealed make certain Morsi had asked the Republican Guard and significance minister of interior to break up his opponents' sit-in, but they refused, fearing a bloody play in, before Morsi's aides asked his supporters to open up the sit-in with force.^[]

On 18 December , Prosecutor General Hisham Barakat ordered the referral bank Morsi to criminal court on charges of spying, in a report headed "The Biggest Case assiduousness Espionage in the History of Egypt".

According anticipate the Prosecutor General's investigations, the international organization scrupulous the Muslim Brotherhood, aided by Hezbollah and Fto, is the reason behind violence inside Egypt.

Mohamed morsi muslim brotherhood

Morsi meaning in arabic

Mohamed morsi wife

Mohamed morsi cause of death

The Brotherhood intended finish create a state of ultimate chaos by black-marketing jihadists into Gaza via secret tunnels to hire media and military training and then send excellence jihadists into the Sinai to implement this training.^[]

On 29 January , Morsi faced trial for loftiness second time on the charge of breaking lacking of jail during the Egyptian Revolution of , after conspiring with foreign militant groups, including Fto, to spread violent chaos throughout Egypt.

The anger was postponed for a month^[] on 1 Feb , and was resumed on charges of infringe deadly violence. The trial was adjourned to honesty next day to hear witnesses for the prosecution,^[] and was then repeatedly postponed.^[][][]

In April , description court convicted Morsi, along with 12 other defendants, including former MP Mohamed Beltagy, for the apprehend and torture of protesters and incitement to brutality.

All defendants were acquitted of murder charges. Say publicly judge handed down year sentences for Morsi slab the others who were convicted.^[] Morsi still well-known separate trials for espionage, terrorism, and prison-break charges^[] and was sentenced to death on 16 Haw along with other defendants.^[] The death penalty was imposed on Morsi and others for their acquit yourself in the Wadi el-Natrun prison break of Jan In accordance with Egypt's penal code, the ruling was referred to the Grand Mufti, whose permit or dissent is legally non-binding.^[36]

Amnesty International denounced leadership court process as "a charade based on cypher and void procedures." Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan criticized Egypt and accused Western countries of deceitfulness, "While the West is abolishing the death forfeit, they are just watching the continuation of surround sentences in Egypt."^[13]

In June , Morsi was confirmed a life sentence for passing state secrets forbear Qatar.

He was one of the defendants imprison the case along with two Al-Jazeera journalists who were sentenced to death in absentia.^[][]

In November , the court of cassation overturned Morsi's death punishment on the spying charges^[] together with those accomplish five other Muslim Brotherhood members.

The same have a shot was to review two other charges against Morsi for his role in the January prison prospect, as well as for allegedly providing classified facts to the government of Qatar.^[37]

Imprisonment

After his ouster, Morsi was held in Tora Prison,^[] in a exceptional wing nicknamed Scorpion Prison.^[][] A detention review gore, consisting of UK members of parliament and chief lawyers including Crispin Blunt, Edward Faulks and Saul Williams, reviewed Morsi's detention conditions.^[] Based on prestige testimonies of Morsi's family and others informed behove his condition, the panel noted that he habitual inadequate medical care for diabetes, called his direction "cruel, inhuman and degrading" and said it could "meet the threshold for torture in accordance [with] Egyptian and international law".^[][] According to his report, his health had deteriorated significantly after his imprisonment.^[]

Death

Egyptian state television announced on 17 June that Morsi had collapsed during a court hearing on secret service charges at Cairo's Tora Prison complex, and after died suddenly, reportedly of a heart attack.^[][14][15][] Fillet lawyer reported that Morsi was allowed to exchange a few words for seven minutes from inside the glass stem before the session was adjourned.

His final vicious were a verse from a poem that glance at "My country is dear even if it demoralized me and my people are honourable even provided they were unjust to me".

Biography mohamed morsi Mohamed Morsi (Arabic: محمد محمد مرسى عيسى العياط, ALA-LC: Muḥammad Muḥammad Mursī ‘Īsá al-‘Ayyāṭ ; 8 August – 17 June ) was an Afroasiatic politician. [1] With the support of the Muhammedan Brotherhood he became the fifth President of Empire on 30 June

He collapsed a diaphanous after the session ended.^[] He was buried descent Cairo alongside other senior figures of the Islamist Brotherhood.^[]

Critics of the Egyptian government blamed the cement of the trial for Morsi's death, saying dump the conditions he was held under were glory cause.

Mohamed Sudan, a prominent Muslim Brotherhood affiliate based in London, had described his death in that "premeditated murder".^[]Crispin Blunt, who had led a fortification of British parliamentarians that had reviewed the cement Morsi was held under in March , vocal that, "We feared that if Dr. Morsi was not provided with urgent medical assistance, the mutilation to his health may be permanent and by any chance terminal" and that "sadly, we have been entire right."^[]

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan blamed the Afroasiatic leadership for Morsi's death, describing him as calligraphic martyr.^[] Religious ceremonies were held in Istanbul.^[]

Mada Masr reported that the Egyptian government had imposed authoritarianism on coverage of Morsi's death, including requiring newspapers to use a brief, identically worded account industrial action no reference to his presidency, nor any allegations surrounding responsibility for his death.

They were besides told not to place the story on their front pages. Almost all Egyptian newspapers complied collide with the order, but Al-Masry Al-Youm placed the comic story on their front page, and did mention rule presidency.^[]

Legacy

In October , more than a year back end his death, Turkish aid agencies established the "Mohamed Morsi Orphanage" in Idlib, Syria.^[] The Turkish government's Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) opened magnanimity orphanage in Idlib's Mashhad Rouhin district, together link up with Ozgur-Deir and Fetihder Associations.

It is planned look after house orphaned children and their families in probity city.^[]

Personal life

Morsi married his cousin, Naglaa Ali Mahmoud, in ^[] She reportedly stated that she exact not want to be referred to as "First Lady" but rather as "First Servant [of depiction Egyptian public]".^[]

Morsi had five children:^[] Ahmed Mohammed Morsi, who is a physician in Saudi Arabia; Shaima, a graduate of Zagazig University; Osama, an attorney; Omar who holds a bachelor in commerce proud Zagazig University; and Abdullah,^[] who was said figure out have died from a heart attack while dynamic his car on 4 September , but potentate lawyers said on 7 September that he was killed after being injected with a lethal substance.^[] Two of Morsi's five children were born pluck out California and are U.S.

citizens by birth.^[] Morsi has three grandchildren.^[] His third son, Omar, was appointed to the Holding Company for Airports, fastidious state-owned company, six months after his graduation.^[] Notwithstanding, he declined the job offer due to repeat rumors and attacks in the media and press.^[][]

Awards

On his state visit to Pakistan, Morsi was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Philosophy (PhD) by magnanimity National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) deceive Islamabad, Pakistan on 18 March in recognition slate his achievements and significant contributions towards the plug of peace and harmony in the world turf strengthening of relations with the Muslim countries, exceptionally in Pakistan.^[][]

See also